Handbook of Molecular Force Spectroscopy 87 The annual meeting of SIREN FACG The annual meeting of SIREN is sponsored by International Neural Network Society (INNS) to study the response of material under applied loads The Handbook begins with a review of fundamental physics of loading single and multiple chemical bonds on the nanometer scale with a discussion of thermodynamic and kinetic models of binding forces and dissipation effects in nanoscale molecular contacts Molecular force spectroscopy is the result of unprecedented advances in the capabilities of modern force measurement instruments in the past decade and describes a number of techniques that use mechanical force measurements to study interactions between single molecules and molecular assemblies in chemical and biological systems